Friday, 12 November 2010

This is England - Notes.

  • This Is England had a £1.5 million budget for production
  • It was funded by the National Lottery
  • It received £90,000 from the UK Film Council after production
  • It was made in 2006
  • It is directed by Shane Meadows and produced by Warp Films
  • It was based on Meadow's personal experiences
  • The main star had never acted before and was from a deprived area
  • It is based on the theme of social realism
  • It was filmed in a pre-fabricated set
  • It uses natural lighting
  • They used improvisation when building key scenes so that the actors had their own creative input and could relate to the character
  • The producer is Mark Herbert
  • The film is set in 1983
  • It changes the perception of the 'skin head' culture
  • The film also looks at other topics like working class people, racism and bullying
  • It shows that he had a bad family background and childhood
  • The film focuses on violence in gangs and their appearance
  • It highlights that gangs were like hierarchy's as they had leaders and different social status's
  • It sends out a strong educational message to teenagers
  • It is rated 18
Appeal to the British Audience?
It appeals to the British audience as it focuses on Margaret Thatcher and the current time and events. The opening scenes look at the different cultures as well as fighting and war. This is relevant as the audience can relate to these occurrences and understand what it was like. The introduction of the characters also sets a first impression of what they were like in the 80's because of the swearing, humour, bullying and racism. The style that they had is also clear and is highlighted through each individuals similar clothing. For example the 'skin head' culture.

Who the audience is and how we know?
The target audience of this film is clearly for adults and teenagers. Teenagers find it humorous as they relate to a different idea to the teenagers in the 80's but it appeals to adults because they can remember what it was like personally. The idea of reggae also started the foundation of the skin head culture. The film also appeals to men and women as Shaun is very likable and funny and the girls are very similar.

How it differs from Hot Fuzz?
This is England is a lot more realistic than Hot Fuzz. Hot Fuzz is more action based whereas This is England focuses on a specific period of time and what was currently happening.

How Social Realism is Constructed?
The crimes, fighting, bullying and swearing shows the typical 80's culture. The cane punishment is also shown in the film and this shows how things have changed since then. The audience can also relate to this. Gangs were also a big part of this time period and the 'skin heads' emphasise what a typical gang was like. His mother is clearly a bad influence on him as she smokes and acts like she doesn't care, although she is weary of him being in the group and looks out for him. It is like a comedy because he is quite funny, as well as the rest of the group but we also feel a sense of sympathy when Gadget picks on him and bullies him. Each character is unique and we see how they change throughout. Its as if they are individually ranked in the gang.
The film is also quite authentic and the British icons that are used are effective as the audience can relate to them. The montage also works well as it is a good introduction the the film and the overall 80's theme.

Cinematography?
Most scenes are filmed using hand held cameras and this makes it more realistic and informal. You don't notice the cuts as they are all simple transitions. There are also no special effects and lighting gets darker when the mood changes. This is effective as the audience can understand either the change in character or personality. The music also complements the mood and the scenes are also quite simple and basic. The setting emphasises the culture and time period. They also use a dated radio which also shows the theme and culture of the 80's.

Thursday, 11 November 2010

Audience theory.

In this lesson we focussed on the different areas of audience theory. We came up with 6 different groups:


Reception Theory:
  • how text is read by the audience
  • contextual factors
  • 4 quadrant audience
  • niche audience
  • worldwide audience
  • originated in the late 60's
  • it was most influencial in the early 70's to 80's (Jauss)
  • media context has no inherent meaning
  • it places the viewer in context
Hyodermic Needle Model:
  • powerful effect on audience
  • also known as the magic bullet
Maslow's Hierachy:
  • it was produced in 1943
  • it was produced by Abraham Maslow
  • it had 5 different parts to the hierachy
  • self actuals
  • esteem
  • belongingness
  • safety needs
  • basic life needs
Categories of Audience:
  • there are 6 different categories
  • top management
  • middle management
  • office supervisors
  • skilled workers
  • semi-skilled/unskilled
  • unemployed
Uses & Gratification:
  • functionalist theory
  • mediums content
  • familiarity
  • general exposure
Two Step Flow:
  • produced by Lazarsfield
  • peoples choice in 1944
  • it has 2 distinct stages
  • the individuals get information
  • then works like chinese whispers
  • the Sun helps influence opinions

Monday, 8 November 2010

The production process.

  1. The pitch is made.
  2. The pitch is accepted.
  3. The script is written.
  4. The script is accepted.
  5. The budget is made.
  6. The storyboard is produced.
  7. Casting is made.
  8. Casting is approved.
  9. Pre-production happens.
  10. Shooting happens.
  11. Post-production happens.
  12. The final cut is made.
  13. Marketing is made.
  14. It is released.

New Technologies In Film Production.

The type of technology that filmmakers use is essential for the quality of the film that is being produced. They are updating and adapting as time goes on. It depends on how much money the institutions have to use as these technologies can be very expensive. Some of these technologies are 3D, Blu-ray, Imax, HD, special effects, SFX, Green Screen, CGI, camera and editing software. I am going to research each technology and see how they are used, but also the impact that they have on the films and the audience.

3D:
The use of 3D is becoming more and more popular. It basically means that it is 3 dimensional images. The film is shot with 3 different lenses so 3D glasses are required to put these dimensions into one. This is effective as it makes the audience feel more involved. Real D is the current company of 3D. it is mainly used for special effects in huge films like Hollywood blockbusters although it can be used for animation and real life actors. It has a huge impact on the audience as it makes them feel more involved in the film and it also encourages them to go see it as its a lot different than a normal 2 dimensional film. The disadvantage is that it has been known to cause headaches so health risks are possible. Also 3D glasses have to be worn throughout which can be uncomfortable. Some viewers say that some 3D films do not need to be 3D and this may be due to the storyline or it is just not needed. Examples of 3D films from Warp, Working Title and Hollywood are Senna, Saw 3D, Avatar, Alice in Wonderland, Toy Story 3, Jackass 3D and many more.

CGI:
CGI is the use of computer generated images. This technology is used for films, TV programmes and even TV adverts. It has been going since the 1970's and is used for special effects. It is used by generating images on a computer to make animated characters and settings. Avatar is an example of this and it is effective because it gives it a more futuristic feel to the film. This works well with 3D and attracts more viewers because it is so different to ordinary 2D films. It has a huge impact on big Hollywood blockbusters because they can afford to use them largely, although some viewers prefer either 3D or just special effects. Some examples of films with CGI are The incredibles, UP, Monsters Inc., Toy Story, Finding Nemo and many more.


Editing Software:
Editing software is used to make special effects. The helps the transitions of the film run smoother which manipulates the film. There are many different types of editing software and some are better than others. Some include Final Cut, Avid, Movie Maker and Premiere Pro. By using editing software, it attracts more viewers because of the quality of special effects. These are most effective in big Hollywood action films as it involves the audience more. Editing software is used in all films to add, edit or delete scenes.

Camera:
Camera's have changed drastically through the years. It has gone from using a 35mm to digital cameras. They are a technology that takes photographs and moving images. A 35mm camera takes 24 frames per second which is a still image whereas a maxi vision 48 takes 48 frames per second and this is HD. HD is also becoming more popular  and this depends on the camera that is being used. The quality of the film is crucial for filmmakers so they have to be sure the camera is reliable and up to date. It has a huge impact on the film making process as the shooting is a large part of production.

Blu-ray:
Blu-ray discs are becoming more and more popular. Blu-ray 3D is also being introduced which makes it even more effective. Blu-ray discs are just DVD's with better quality picture and sound. They are known to have six times the resolution of a normal DVD and the sound has up to 7.1 channels of lossless audio. These discs can also store more information which also increases the quality of sound and picture. It is very interactive and durable. They are good because blu-ray players also play DVD's and there are many products to choose from as many films bring them out on blu-ray. It has a huge impact on the audience as they are becoming more and more popular and make the films look better.


HD:
High definition films are similar to blu-ray although blu-ray are just like ordinary DVD's. HD is being introduced to TV's so even channels are in high definition. HD films are much clearer and look more realistic. They have a much better affect and sometimes it doesn't look like a film. It works similar to 3D as the picture is so clear, it involves the audience more. Examples of films that came out in HD are 2012, Law Abiding Citizen, Avatar, Transformers, Friday the 13th and many more.
Special Effects:
Special effects are used in films to make it stand out and attract viewers. These special effects work well with 3D and HD as it involves the audience. They work extremely well with action films as stunts jump out of the screen and explosions look more realistic. Editing software is used to create these special effects and depending on the budget they have, they can be pretty extreme. Hollywood uses them a lot because they can afford the technology and spend more time on making the special effects. There are optical and mechanical effects and there are different ways of using them. A blue screen can be used or physical equipment can be strapped to a person to make a character electronically.

Universal Pictures Fact Sheet.

Hollywood Fact Sheet

Working Title Fact Sheet.

Working Title Fact Sheet